Adjudicación de fondos de contrapartida al micromecenazgo cultural por parte de los gobiernos: un análisis comparativo exploratorio de los casos español y sueco
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28939/iam.debats-137-1.7Palabras clave:
crowdfunding, matched funding, regional cultural policy, platform economyResumen
Durante la última década, el micromecenazgo o financiación popular ha surgido como un importante mecanismo alternativo y complementario para financiar, legitimar y desarrollar proyectos creativos. En muchos países europeos, varios gobiernos regionales han comenzado a apoyar esta práctica, incorporando plataformas como proveedores tecnológicos. Existen diferentes tipos de intervenciones gubernamentales, entre ellas la provisión de fondos de contrapartida, o subvenciones proporcionales, que complementan, efectivamente, las contribuciones privadas de la campaña de micromecenazgo con fondos públicos. Sin embargo, pocos estudios académicos sobre la financiación participativa o la política cultural de las Industrias Creativas y Culturales (ICCs) han investigado estas formas emergentes de asociaciones y colaboraciones público–privadas. Utilizando una metodología cualitativa, este artículo propone un modelo conceptual para los diferentes tipos de apoyo gubernamental y colaboraciones con plataformas de micromecenazgo cultural, junto con dos estudios de caso de asociaciones público–privadas para apoyar la financiación popular de ICCs a nivel regional en España y Suecia. La ausencia de mecanismos de apoyo e intervención puede indicar que los gobiernos regionales y locales hasta ahora han visto en gran medida la financiación popular como un mecanismo de financiación marginal utilizado por proyectos culturales que no pueden acceder a otras fuentes de financiación.
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